Cardiac Risk Index (Goldman Criteria) Calculator

Explanation The Goldman Cardiac Risk Index is one of the earliest validated tools used to estimate perioperative cardiac complications in non-cardiac surgery. Each variable contributes a specific weighted score based on its statistical association with adverse outcomes. Total points determine the risk class, which correlates with predicted complication rates: Class I: 0–5 points (1% risk) Class II: 6–12 points (7% risk) Class III: 13–25 points (14% risk) Class IV: 26–53 points (78% risk) Although newer indices such as the Revised Cardiac Risk Index (RCRI) are widely used today, the Goldman criteria remain historically important and are still referenced in some perioperative risk assessments.

References 1. Goldman L, Caldera DL, Nussbaum SR, et al. Multifactorial index of cardiac risk in noncardiac surgical procedures.

N Engl J Med. 1977;297:845–850. 2.

Fleisher LA, Fleischmann KE, Auerbach AD, et al. 2014 ACC/AHA Guideline on Perioperative Cardiovascular Evaluation and Management of Patients Undergoing Noncardiac Surgery. Circulation.

2014. 3. ACC/AHA 2022 perioperative guideline update.