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Hepatic Congestion Grading (Echo Doppler based) Calculator
Hepatic Congestion Grading (Echo Doppler based): Explanation and Clinical Context Hepatic congestion grading uses Doppler assessment of hepatic vein flow (S wave / D wave ratio) and inferior vena cava (IVC) diameter to quantify venous congestion. The S/D ratio reflects right atrial pressure and hepatic venous compliance, while IVC diameter indicates systemic venous overload. Grade 0 (no congestion) is indicated by no