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Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS): Explanation and Clinical Context The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) is a validated self-assessment questionnaire designed to detect states of anxiety and depression in patients in hospital and outpatient settings. It consists of 14 items, 7 assessing anxiety (HADS-A) and 7 assessing depression (HADS-D), with each item scored from 0 to 3, resulting in a total score of 0–21 for each subscale. Scores are interpreted as follows: 0–7 = Normal, 8–10 = Mild, 11–14 = Moderate, 15–21 = Severe.
HADS is widely used in clinical practice for screening, monitoring symptoms over time, and guiding psychological or psychiatric referral.
Evidence & references1 primary source mapped
- Source 1
Zigmond AS, Snaith RP. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Acta Psychiatr Scand. 1983;67(6):361-370. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1983.tb09716.x
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