Seattle Proportional Risk Model (SPRM) Calculator

Seattle Proportional Risk Model (SPRM): Explanation and Clinical Context The SPRM is a prognostic tool designed to estimate the proportion of sudden death among all-cause mortality in patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction (EF < 35%). Developed from a cohort of 9,885 patients with 2,552 deaths, the model identifies key clinical variables associated with a higher likelihood of sudden death. These include younger age, lower NYHA class, lower ejection fraction, male sex, higher body mass index, digoxin use, systolic blood pressure closer to 140 mmHg, absence of diabetes, and normal serum sodium and creatinine levels.

The model's utility lies in its ability to predict the benefit of implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) therapy, which is most pronounced in patients with an estimated sudden death proportion of 50% or higher.