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OPTIMIZE-HF Discharge Readmission Model (OPTIMIZE-HF Readmission)

OPTIMIZE-HF Discharge Readmission Model: Explanation and Clinical Context OPTIMIZE-HF (the Organized Program to Initiate Lifesaving Treatment in Hospitalized Patients with Heart Failure) was a large hospital registry and quality-improvement programme that prospectively collected 60–90 day post-discharge outcomes in a sample of enrolled patients. OPTIMIZE-HF analyses identified several clinical variables strongly asso

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OptiVol Fluid Index (Medtronic CRT-D) Calculator

OptiVol Fluid Index (Medtronic CRT-D): explanation and clinical context The OptiVol Fluid Index is a device-derived metric based on changes in intrathoracic impedance measured by Medtronic CRT/ICD systems; it represents the cumulative difference between a device reference impedance and the measured daily intrathoracic impedance over time. A falling daily impedance (daily < reference) produces a positive deviation; wh

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PARADIGM-HF Responder Index (AWARD-Class) Calculator

AWARD-Class / PARADIGM-HF Responder context and interpretation The AWARD-Class score (derived from a two-center real-world cohort) is an easy-to-calculate index intended to predict a 1-year “super-response” to sacubitril/valsartan, defined in the derivation study as absence of HF admission/transplant/death plus either ≥50% NT-proBNP reduction and/or ≥10-point increase in LVEF. The score uses six routinely available c

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PARADISE-MI Secondary Prevention Algorithm

— Explanation and Clinical Context PARADISE-MI was a multinational randomized trial that enrolled high-risk patients early after acute myocardial infarction if they had transient pulmonary congestion or LVEF ≤40% and at least one additional risk factor (age ≥70 years, eGFR <60 mL/min/1.73 m², diabetes, prior myocardial infarction, atrial fibrillation, LVEF <30%, Killip class ≥III, or STEMI without reperfusion). The t

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PARAGON-HF Response Score Calculator

PARAGON-HF Response Score: Explanation and Clinical Context The PARAGON-HF Response Score is an exploratory model derived from the PARAGON-HF trial, developed to identify patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) who are most likely to experience clinical and biomarker improvement with sacubitril/valsartan therapy. This score integrates demographic and clinical parameters — including age, s

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PIONEER-AF-PCI Bleeding Algorithm Calculator

PIONEER-AF-PCI Bleeding Algorithm: Explanation and Clinical Context The PIONEER-AF-PCI trial randomized patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation who underwent PCI with stent placement to one of three antithrombotic strategies and measured clinically significant bleeding at 12 months. The trial found lower rates of clinically significant bleeding in two rivaroxaban-based strategies compared with standard therapy

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PREDICT-HF Risk Calculator

PREDICT-HF Risk Score: Explanation and Clinical Context The PREDICT-HF model (PARADIGM Risk of Events and Death in Contemporary Treatment of Heart Failure) was derived in patients enrolled in the PARADIGM‑HF trial (n ≈ 8,011) with chronic heart failure with reduced ejection fraction, and was subsequently validated in the ATMOSPHERE trial population and in the Swedish Heart Failure Registry (SwedeHF). Key baseline pre

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PROLONG Study ICD Monitoring Algorithm

: Explanation and Clinical Context The PROLONG study examined patients with newly diagnosed heart failure and an initial left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ≤35% who were protected temporarily by a wearable cardioverter-defibrillator (WCD) while guideline-directed medical therapy was initiated and optimized. The study defined criteria under which prolongation of the WCD wearing period — rather than immediate im

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PROVE-HF Biomarker Improvement Algorithm (PROVE-HF Calculator)

PROVE-HF Biomarker Improvement Algorithm — Explanation and Clinical Context The PROVE-HF (Prospective Study of Biomarkers, Symptom Improvement, and Ventricular Remodeling During Sacubitril/Valsartan Therapy for Heart Failure) program examined whether changes in NT-proBNP after initiation of sacubitril/valsartan are associated with reverse cardiac remodeling and improvements in LV function. In the published cohort (Ja

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RALES Score (Spironolactone Benefit Predictor)

: Explanation and Clinical Context The RALES Score is a clinical tool designed to estimate the survival benefit and safety of spironolactone therapy in patients with advanced heart failure (NYHA class III–IV) and reduced ejection fraction. It is conceptually derived from the Randomized Aldactone Evaluation Study (RALES), published in the New England Journal of Medicine in 1999. The RALES trial demonstrated that addin

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RE-LY Heart Failure Subgroup Bleeding Score Calculator

ABC-bleeding score (biomarker-based) echo "The ABC-bleeding score (Hijazi et al.) uses age, prior bleeding history and biomarkers (hemoglobin, high-sensitivity cardiac troponin, and GDF-15 or alternative renal markers). This model was shown to outperform traditional clinical scores in derivation/validation cohorts, but requires specific assays (hs-cTn, GDF-15). If you would like, provide numeric values for hs-cTnT (n

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REHAB-HF Functional Recovery Index Calculator

REHAB-HF Functional Recovery Index: Explanation and Clinical Context The REHAB-HF trial evaluated a tailored, multi-domain rehabilitation intervention in older patients hospitalized with acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF), focusing on improving physical function including endurance, mobility, strength, and balance. While the primary outcome was change in the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) at 3 months

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RELAX-AHF Mortality Prediction Score Calculator

RELAX-AHF Mortality Prediction Score: Explanation and Clinical Context The RELAX-AHF (Relaxin in Acute Heart Failure) Mortality Prediction Score was developed from the RELAX-AHF trial to estimate the risk of all-cause mortality in patients with acute decompensated heart failure. This tool combines routine clinical variables available at admission to provide individualized risk estimates. Key predictors include age, b

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RESTORE-EF Post-Myocarditis Recovery Index

: explanation and clinical context This page implements a proposed heuristic index to estimate the likelihood of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) recovery after acute myocarditis. The index integrates several clinical and imaging features that have repeatedly been associated with myocardial recovery in published myocarditis and myocardial-injury cohorts: baseline LVEF (higher baseline LVEF associated with be

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REVERSE Trial Responder Index Calculator

REVERSE Trial Responder Index: Explanation and Clinical Context The REVERSE (Resynchronization Reverses Remodeling in Systolic Left Ventricular Dysfunction) trial introduced a multidimensional framework to identify cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) responders. It evaluated both structural reverse remodeling—quantified as ≥15% reduction in LVESVi—and clinical improvement—defined by changes in exercise capacity,

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RISK-HF Readmission Score Calculator

RISK-HF Readmission Score: Explanation and Clinical Context The RISK-HF Readmission Score is a prognostic model designed to estimate the risk of hospital readmission for patients discharged after an episode of heart failure decompensation. It utilises easily available clinical variables (such as age, prior heart failure hospitalisation, chronic kidney disease, COPD/OSA, atrial fibrillation, anaemia, diabetes mellitus

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ROCKET-AF Heart Failure Subgroup Risk Index

— explanation and context This page presents an experimental composite index adapted to reflect the primary predictors and outcomes described in ROCKET-AF and its heart-failure subgroup analyses. The ROCKET-AF trial (rivaroxaban vs warfarin) enrolled a high-risk atrial fibrillation population and reported subgroup analyses examining outcomes among patients with heart failure, demonstrating that heart failure patients

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SAVE Post-MI LV Dysfunction Prognostic Score (Proposed)

SAVE Post-MI LV Dysfunction Prognostic Score — Explanation and Clinical Context This calculator estimates the prognosis of patients after myocardial infarction (MI) with left ventricular (LV) systolic dysfunction, using key clinical and laboratory parameters repeatedly shown to correlate with mortality and adverse remodeling. The variables include age, LVEF, Killip class, renal function, systolic blood pressure, hear

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SCD-HeFT Risk Calculator

: Explanation and Clinical Context The Sudden Cardiac Death in Heart Failure Trial (SCD-HeFT) evaluated the role of implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) therapy in patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). The study enrolled patients with ischemic or nonischemic cardiomyopathy, NYHA class II–III, and LVEF ≤35%. This calculator provides an approximate estimation of the 3-year all-cause

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SCORED Trial (Sotagliflozin) Risk Index Calculator

SCORED Trial (Sotagliflozin) Risk Index — explanation and clinical context This calculator implements a trial-derived risk estimator based on SCORED trial aggregate results. SCORED enrolled adults with type 2 diabetes and chronic kidney disease and reported a primary composite event rate in the placebo arm of approximately 7.5 events per 100 patient-years (≈7.5% per year) and an estimated hazard ratio of 0.74 for the

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Seattle Heart Failure Model (SHFM) Calculator

Seattle Heart Failure Model (SHFM): Explanation and Clinical Context The SHFM is a validated multivariable model to estimate mortality risk in patients with chronic heart failure based on clinical, laboratory, and treatment variables. It was developed using data from the PRAISE I cohort and externally validated in multiple populations. The model calculates a risk score (SHFM Score) using regression coefficients appli

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SMART-CHOICE HF Subpopulation Algorithm

— explanation and clinical context This tool classifies heart failure patients into subpopulations using commonly accepted left ventricular ejection fraction thresholds (HFrEF <41%, HFmrEF 41–49%, HFpEF ≥50%). It then provides directional prognostic information using two well-known validated frameworks as proxies: the MAGGIC risk framework for 1- and 3-year mortality, and the GWTG-HF model for in-hospital mortality r

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SOLOIST-WHF Post-HF Benefit Index Calculator

SOLOIST-WHF Post-HF Benefit Index: Explanation and Clinical Context The SOLOIST-WHF (Sotagliflozin on Cardiovascular Events in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes and Worsening Heart Failure) trial was a landmark study evaluating the dual SGLT1/2 inhibitor sotagliflozin in patients recently hospitalized for acute decompensated heart failure, with or without reduced ejection fraction. This calculator estimates the relative

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STOPDAPT-2 ACS Mortality Prediction Tool

: Explanation and Clinical Context The STOPDAPT-2 ACS trial evaluated an abbreviated dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) strategy (1–2 months followed by clopidogrel monotherapy) versus standard 12-month DAPT in patients with acute coronary syndrome undergoing successful percutaneous coronary intervention. Although the primary endpoint did not demonstrate non-inferiority for the abbreviated therapy regarding the composi

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STOPDAPT-2 Risk Subgroup Calculator

Age (years) Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) presentation? Select Yes No High-bleeding-risk (HBR) criteria met? Select Yes No Complex PCI (yes/no)? Select Yes No STOPDAPT-2 ACS Risk Subgroup Calculator: Explanation and Clinical Context The STOPDAPT-2 family of trials investigated the safety and efficacy of abbreviated dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) duration followed by P2Y12 inhibitor monotherapy versus standard 12-mo

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STRONG-HF Risk Framework Calculator

STRONG-HF Risk Framework — explanation and clinical context This calculator implements a transparent prototype points system that aggregates commonly reported prognostic features relevant to patients hospitalized for acute heart failure (age, hemodynamics at discharge, NT-proBNP, renal function, potassium, LVEF, recent HF hospitalization, and intensity of guideline-directed medical therapy achieved at discharge). It

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TRACE Study – Post-MI Heart Failure Risk (TRACE-inspired) Calculator

TRACE Study — Post-MI Heart Failure Risk (explanation and clinical context) This calculator is TRACE-inspired: the original TRAndolapril Cardiac Evaluation (TRACE) was a randomized trial that enrolled patients with reduced left ventricular function soon after myocardial infarction and demonstrated morbidity and mortality benefits of long-term ACE inhibition (trandolapril) in that population. TRACE showed that LV syst

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TRANSFORM-HF Mortality Comparison Index

: Explanation and Clinical Context The TRANSFORM-HF Mortality Comparison Index is derived from the TRANSFORM-HF trial (Felker GM, et al., NEJM 2022), which compared torsemide and furosemide in patients hospitalized with heart failure. The trial demonstrated no statistically significant difference in all-cause mortality at 12 months between the two diuretics (26.1% vs 26.2%; HR 1.02, 95% CI 0.89–1.18). This calculator

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TRED-HF Recovery Relapse Prediction Model

TRED-HF Recovery / Relapse Prediction — explanation and clinical context The TRED-HF randomized pilot trial examined phased withdrawal of all heart failure pharmacotherapy in carefully selected patients with previously dilated cardiomyopathy who had asymptomatic recovery of left ventricular function (LVEF ≥50%), normalised indexed LV volumes, and low NT-proBNP at baseline; approximately 40–44% of participants relapse

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TRUE-AHF Prognostic Classification (experimental prototype)

TRUE-AHF Prognostic Classification — explanation and clinical context This page implements an experimental prognostic classifier inspired by common predictors used in acute heart failure (AHF) prognostic models: advanced age, low systolic blood pressure, tachycardia, elevated BUN/creatinine, hyponatremia, elevated natriuretic peptides (NT-proBNP), reduced left ventricular ejection fraction, and positive cardiac tropo

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TWILIGHT-HF Subgroup Analysis Score

Exploratory : Explanation and context The TWILIGHT randomized trial tested whether, among high-risk patients who had completed 3 months of dual antiplatelet therapy after PCI, stopping aspirin and continuing ticagrelor monotherapy reduced clinically relevant bleeding without increasing ischemic events. The trial found a lower rate of BARC 2/3/5 bleeding with ticagrelor monotherapy versus ticagrelor plus aspirin, with

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VALIANT Heart Failure (LV Dysfunction) Index Calculator

Predictors of the first heart failure hospitalization in patients who are stable survivors of myocardial infarction complicated by pulmonary congestion and/or left ventricular dysfunction — VALIANT Study: Explanation and clinical context The VALIANT Heart Failure Risk Score was derived from the VALsartan In Acute myocardial iNfarction Trial (VALIANT) cohort and was designed to estimate the risk of first hospitalizati

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VALID-CHF Prognostic Model (CardioWebdr)

VALID-CHF Prognostic Model — Explanation and Clinical Context This page implements a configurable template for the VALID-CHF prognostic model. The final prognostic estimate requires the original VALID-CHF model specification (either logistic regression coefficients or a validated point table). At present the template is prepared so you can paste model coefficients into the PHP array near the top of the file and the s

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VERTIS-CV Event Prediction (WATCH-DM surrogate) Calculator

VERTIS-CV Event Prediction — implementation notes and clinical context (WATCH-DM surrogate) This tool calculates the integer WATCH-DM score (an externally published, integer-based risk score developed to predict 5-year incident heart-failure hospitalization among patients with type 2 diabetes). WATCH-DM combines routinely available clinical measures (age, BMI, blood pressure), simple blood tests (fasting plasma gluco

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VOYAGER-PAD Risk Reduction Index Calculator

VOYAGER-PAD Risk Reduction Index: Explanation and Clinical Context The VOYAGER-PAD Risk Reduction Index is a tool derived from the VOYAGER‑PAD Trial dataset, designed to estimate the three-year probability of a composite outcome (acute limb ischemia, major vascular amputation, myocardial infarction, ischemic stroke, or cardiovascular death) among patients undergoing lower-extremity revascularization for symptomatic p